There are usually 3 feathers or fletchings on an arrow. As few as 2 or as many as 4 can be used, but 3 is normal for modern arrows. The 3 feathers are positioned equally at 120 degrees from each other.
The different coloured feather is traditionally called the "cock feather" but in modern times the alternative name "index feather" can be used, depending on the audience.
At the back end of an arrow, there is a "nock" which can be a plastic "U" or just a groove in the back of the arrow which fits around the string of the bow to hold the arrow onto the string.
The index vane is attached to the arrow at right angles to this nock, so when the arrow is on the bow, the index feather is pointing away from the bow. The other two feathers will be able to pass the bow without obstruction.
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