The American swimmer, Mark Spitz, has the record of most gold medals a single Olympiad, with seven gold medals. This achievement was made in the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, where he won, and set a new world record, in each of the following events: 100 m freestyle, 200 m freestyle, 100 m butterfly, 200 m butterfly, 4 x 100 m freestyle, 4 x 200 m freestyle and the 4 x 100 m medley.
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The most Olympic medals won in one event in one Olympics is one.
Every Olympic sport is played just once, so the maximum medals any competitor can gain is one.