Why are competitions between males and females organized in single sexes at the top level?

Answer 1

It is not a sexist view to state that there are differences between males and females because this is a scientifically proven fact.

Body shape, size and physique are generally different in men and women. Women tend to be smaller overall with a flatter broader pelvis (evolved for childbirth), smaller lungs and heart and a higher percentage of fat (25% for young females compared to 15% for young males). This will also be affected by diet, which has an effect on metabolic rate.

Because women have smaller hearts and lungs, they also have a lower oxygen-carrying capacity than males - there can be a difference of up to 43%!

Muscle strength and power can vary. In tests for maximal strength there was a difference of up to 40-50%, as women have less muscle mass. The fact that they have less muscle mass means that women tend to be far more flexible.

Rates of maturity differs, with girls tending to mature faster than boys. For this reason some competition between younger males and females can be fair, but from the age of 11 upwards males start to overtake in height and strength, so sport tends to become single sex after this age.

The fact that females menstruate and suffer a hormonal imbalance can disadvantage females if they are participating in sport during their period. Males tend to be less effected by chemical substance changes within their bodies.

Answer 2

Competitions between males and females are organized in single sexes at the top level to ensure fair competition based on physical differences between the sexes. Men and women often have different physiological capabilities that can affect performance, so competing separately allows for more equal opportunities for success. This also helps to promote gender equality in sports by creating a level playing field for all athletes.