There is no such thing as 'scalar velocity'. Velocity is a vector, always.
A quantity that tells how fast an object is moving but doesn't tell in which direction
it's moving is a scalar. That quantity is called "speed".
Three examples are:
-- Driving 30 miles per hour.
-- Running 8 miles per hour.
-- Sliding 15 feet per second.
A measuring cylinder, a balance and a burette.
Examples of polar molecules include: Water - H2O. Ammonia - NH. Sulfur dioxide
To find the velocity, you can use the equation for kinetic energy: KE = 0.5 * mass * velocity^2. Rearranging the equation gives 45 = 0.5 * 30 * velocity^2. Solving for velocity gives velocity = √(2 * 45 / 30) = √3 = approximately 1.73 m/s.
When the first railroad car is traveling at 3 m/s, its velocity is 3 m/s. Since the velocity of an object does not depend on its mass, the velocity of the second railroad car, weighing 5000 kg, would also be 3 m/s.
To find the velocity, you can use the formula for momentum: momentum = mass x velocity. Rearranging the formula to solve for velocity, you get velocity = momentum / mass. Plugging in the values given, velocity = 22 kg m/s / 7.3 kg ≈ 3 m/s.