Under Czarist rule, the capital of Russia was originally Moscow as the Grand Duchy of Muscovy was the dominant force in Russia at the time of the Ivan III, the first ruler to refer to himself as Czar. Then Czar Peter the Great moved the capital to St. Petersburg. Vladimir Lenin later moved it back to Moscow.
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No, it didn't. Under Peter the Great's reign Saint-Petersburg became the capital of Russia. Only in 1917 when the regime of czars fell and the Soviet Union was founded, Moscow again became the capital.
They became simpler and secular.
Marseilles (French spelling Marseille) is more than 2,600 years old, but never was the Capital of France. However during the French revolution it sent regiments of volunteers to Paris. The war song they had adopted was soon renamed 'la marseillaise' as they popularised it on their journey, and became under that name, the French national anthem.
construction of St. Petersburg
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