Gymnastics began in ancient Greece. The ancient Greeks considered physical fitness to be a very important part of their life and they built gymnasia and courtyards in every city of ancient Greece for the purpose of jumping, running and Wrestling.
Meanwhile, the Roman Empire began to ascend and Greek gymnastics began to give way to military training. The wooden horse which is used in modern-day gymnastics was introduced by the ancient Romans. In the year 393 A.D., the Olympic Games were abolished by Emperor Theodosius and gymnastics was, therefore, abolished.
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I believe what you mean is "Where was gymnastics first founded?" and if so, I know the perfect answer:
Gymnastics comes from the word Greek "Gymnos". So, in turn, it was founded in Greece, along with the Romans following after them. The Chinese also believed that Gymnastics would increase their greatness in fighting (battle, whichever you prefer). I could give you a whole lot of other background because I am a gymnast myself, but it would just be a bunch of blibber-blabber.
In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, two pioneer physical educators - Johann Friedrich GutsMuths (1759 - 1839) and Friedrich Ludwig Jahn (1778 - 1852) - created exercises for boys and young men on apparatus they designed that ultimately led to what is considered modern gymnastics. In particular, Jahn crafted early models of the horizontal bar, the parallel bars (from a horizontal ladder with the rungs removed), and the vaulting horse.
The history of gymnastics began in ancient Greece. Its actual inventor is a mystery, but it was very prevalent among Greeks and later, Romans.