In the United States, the overall governing body is USA Track & Field. However, each state has HS and other school associations, and each national collegiate association governs their own competitions.
For example, in the state of Texas, there are 3 different HS associations that cover the whole state. UIL governs public schools, TAPPS governs most private and parochial schools and SPC governs the prep schools. SPC also includes a handful of prep schools in Oklahoma, so technically it isn't limited to just Texas schools.
Internationally, the IAAF governs the Olympics, World Championships and other international track meets. Each country has their own association that governs track events and international competition selection meets.
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