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Czar Nicholas II was executed by a firing squad on 17 July 1918.
Czar Nicholas and his family were taken to the Alexander Palace at Tsarskoye Selo. On July 16th and 17th 1918, Czar Nicholas, his family, and their entourage were all executed by the Bolsheviks.
July 16/17, 1918: Czar Nicholas II and family executed by Bolsheviks
Czar Nichaols was descended from the roayl family of Romanovs. The Communists executed him and his entire family, thus ending the 200-year reign of the Romanov family in Russia---the longest reign of any family in Europe.
At the time of the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917, the Czar had already resigned and Russia was ruled by an official appointed by the Czar, named Kerensky. So it was the Kerensky regime against which the Bolsheviks revolted. They later executed the former Czar anyway (along with his family), not being satisfied with his mere resignation. Kerensky himself escaped and lived in exile in the US, a very smart move on his part.