Yes the Mensheviks were a communist group in communist Russia. They were mostly made up of the middle class or bourgies. They believed in a large group of people changing things slowly. This was very different to the Bolsheviks who had 15 group members who believed in a fast marxist revolution.
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Mensheviks
Jules Martov led the Mensheviks (:
The Mensheviks lost because they lacked the leadership of Lenin and were less radical in using force.
The Bolshevik Party under Vladimir Lenin renamed itself the Communist Party in March 1918 after the Russian Revolution. They did this because Lenin had outlawed all other political parties, especially the other Marxist/Communist ones. He felt that since the Bolsheviks were the only political party espousing communism and since there was no further reason to differentiate themselves from the Mensheviks, they should call themselves the Communist Party. So they did.
The main difference between the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks is the fact that the Mensheviks were more "Orthodox" Marxists, meaning that they believed in a slow, gradual transition from Capitalism into Communism. The Mensheviks believed that before there should be a Proletariat revolution, there must be a Bourgeois revolution, where Capitalism is the main socioeconomic system. Later, there would be a workers' revolution, which would usher in Socialism, and slowly the Socialist government would loosen its control over the means of production and the state would wither away into a Communist system. The Bolsheviks believed basically the same thing, but wanted to move through the Capitalist phase as quickly as possible, arriving at a Socialist state as soon as they could.