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Cricket was the earliest modern team sport to be codified, which in another way of saying that cricket gave itself rules and regulations so that it could be played in an uniform manner, well before other team games like soccer and hockey.The first 'Laws of Cricket' were drawn up in 1744.
If you mean 'American football", it evolved from English rugby. The first recorded game was between two US universities in 1869. The game got its more or less present form and rules in 1882. If you mean football as the rest of the world knows it - and called 'soccer' in the US - it has ancient roots and forms of it were already played more than 2,000 years ago in ancient Rome, Greece and China. The first set of modern rules was drawn up in Cambridge in the UK in 1848. The 'Football Association Rules" were first drawn up in 1863. As an aside to this, the RFU (Rugby Football Union) which was the originator of the game (Rugby) as we know it to day and as stated above was the model used for American Football actually was created because of the Football Associations Rules being implemented as at the time the game of Rugby and football were actually the same game. It was a decision to only allow kicking of the ball, handling was an offence and tackling and bringing the ball carrier down that forced those that loved the game to form the RFU and seek out their own rules. These were formalised in the same year as foorball (Soccer)
Offside was not introduced as a separate rule. English football has always had offside. The earliest sets of rules which were drawn up in the nineteenth century all included an offside rule.
For taxation purposes.
The first document that established a government for all the colonies, after they declared independence, was the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union.