In March 1918, the Bolsheviks renamed themselves the Communist Party.
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The Bolsheviks were also known as "Communists" but not until the Seventh Party Congress of the Bolshevik Party in March 1918, when the party officially changed its name from Bolshevik to Communist.
The National Assembly - l'Assemblée Nationale
The Bolshevik Party under Vladimir Lenin renamed itself the Communist Party in March 1918 after the Russian Revolution. They did this because Lenin had outlawed all other political parties, especially the other Marxist/Communist ones. He felt that since the Bolsheviks were the only political party espousing communism and since there was no further reason to differentiate themselves from the Mensheviks, they should call themselves the Communist Party. So they did.
The Bolsheviks were radical Marxist revolutionaries.
The Bolsheviks became the Communist Party in March 1918.