The ruling party of India is Indian National Congress led United Progressive Alliance [UPA].
"Caesar" is/was both a family name and a title. It was the surname of Julius and became the surname of Augustus, his adopted son. The first five emperors were all "Caesars" either biologically or by adoption so Caesar was their family name. By the time the dynasty ended the name Caesar morphed into a title for the ruling emperor and from that time on the Romans called their emperor Caesar. So, a Caesar would rule an empire or a nation, or, after Diocletian, a part of the empire."Caesar" is/was both a family name and a title. It was the surname of Julius and became the surname of Augustus, his adopted son. The first five emperors were all "Caesars" either biologically or by adoption so Caesar was their family name. By the time the dynasty ended the name Caesar morphed into a title for the ruling emperor and from that time on the Romans called their emperor Caesar. So, a Caesar would rule an empire or a nation, or, after Diocletian, a part of the empire."Caesar" is/was both a family name and a title. It was the surname of Julius and became the surname of Augustus, his adopted son. The first five emperors were all "Caesars" either biologically or by adoption so Caesar was their family name. By the time the dynasty ended the name Caesar morphed into a title for the ruling emperor and from that time on the Romans called their emperor Caesar. So, a Caesar would rule an empire or a nation, or, after Diocletian, a part of the empire."Caesar" is/was both a family name and a title. It was the surname of Julius and became the surname of Augustus, his adopted son. The first five emperors were all "Caesars" either biologically or by adoption so Caesar was their family name. By the time the dynasty ended the name Caesar morphed into a title for the ruling emperor and from that time on the Romans called their emperor Caesar. So, a Caesar would rule an empire or a nation, or, after Diocletian, a part of the empire."Caesar" is/was both a family name and a title. It was the surname of Julius and became the surname of Augustus, his adopted son. The first five emperors were all "Caesars" either biologically or by adoption so Caesar was their family name. By the time the dynasty ended the name Caesar morphed into a title for the ruling emperor and from that time on the Romans called their emperor Caesar. So, a Caesar would rule an empire or a nation, or, after Diocletian, a part of the empire."Caesar" is/was both a family name and a title. It was the surname of Julius and became the surname of Augustus, his adopted son. The first five emperors were all "Caesars" either biologically or by adoption so Caesar was their family name. By the time the dynasty ended the name Caesar morphed into a title for the ruling emperor and from that time on the Romans called their emperor Caesar. So, a Caesar would rule an empire or a nation, or, after Diocletian, a part of the empire."Caesar" is/was both a family name and a title. It was the surname of Julius and became the surname of Augustus, his adopted son. The first five emperors were all "Caesars" either biologically or by adoption so Caesar was their family name. By the time the dynasty ended the name Caesar morphed into a title for the ruling emperor and from that time on the Romans called their emperor Caesar. So, a Caesar would rule an empire or a nation, or, after Diocletian, a part of the empire."Caesar" is/was both a family name and a title. It was the surname of Julius and became the surname of Augustus, his adopted son. The first five emperors were all "Caesars" either biologically or by adoption so Caesar was their family name. By the time the dynasty ended the name Caesar morphed into a title for the ruling emperor and from that time on the Romans called their emperor Caesar. So, a Caesar would rule an empire or a nation, or, after Diocletian, a part of the empire."Caesar" is/was both a family name and a title. It was the surname of Julius and became the surname of Augustus, his adopted son. The first five emperors were all "Caesars" either biologically or by adoption so Caesar was their family name. By the time the dynasty ended the name Caesar morphed into a title for the ruling emperor and from that time on the Romans called their emperor Caesar. So, a Caesar would rule an empire or a nation, or, after Diocletian, a part of the empire.
The Politburo
He has not family name. The family name identifies one's family tree. Japanese Emperor family is only and unique, so they don't need to have family name.
Dynasties are periods of time that a family has been ruling in China. If say the last family to rule had the last name Chen, and that family ruled for 150 years, those 150 years would be known as the Chen dynastie.
The Romanov family ruled for 300 years before Nicolas and his family were murdered in 1917 because of the revolution.
medici
Ptolemy was the name of Cleopatra's ruling family. The name was handed down from one of Alexander's generals, Ptolemy Soter, who became king of Egypt in about 304 BC.
Bonaparte
romanov
Czars
Yes, Liu us a common Chinese name. It was the surname of the ruling family during the Han dynasty.
obviously he's last name is douglas because it has been in the family for many years after years after years
The Medici's made their money in Florentine banking. They were the ruling aristocratic family in Florence. They had such wealth that their name is still widely known in Italy today.
Congress.
There were two czars (or 'tsars,' depending on the system of transliteration) by the name of Nicholas. Nicholas I, whose reign lasted from 1825-1855, was the son of Tsar Pavel (also Romanized as "Paul") I. Nicholas II, the last ruling tsar, who abdicated the throne in favor of the provisional government in 1917, was the son of Tsar Alexander III.
All pre 1917 Russian rulers were czars. It's the Russian term for 'king'.