yardarm - an extension would be a sprit
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brigantine, two-masted sailing ship with square rigging on the foremast and fore-and-aft rigging on the mainmast. The term originated with the two-masted ships, also powered by oars, on which pirates, or sea brigands, terrorized the Mediterranean in the 16th century. In northern European waters the brigantine became purely a sailing ship. Its gaff-rigged mainsail distinguished it from the completely square-rigged brig, though the two terms came to be used interchangeably. For example, brigantines with square topsails above the gaffed mainsail were called true brigantines, whereas those with no square sails at all on the mainmast were called hermaphrodite brigs or brig-schooners.
Mostly by wind, they had quite large rectangular shaped sails. But there was also oars. All the vikings rowed when there was no wind because the sail wasn't up. There was no rowing slaves.True or False:to help control the sail rigging ropes were used - FALSE there is no rope called a rigging rope
Because they were ships? Do you mean longships? They were long and thin.
If it's above the surface, attached to the rigging, it's a bowsprit. If it's below the surface, it's a ram. More commonly found on rowing ships, triremes and such.
The ships were called privateers. The authorisations were called letters of marque.