At one time in American Football, all four players in the backfield stood fairly close together. One stood slightly behind the rest. He was called the fullback. The backfield players were given names according to how far back they were from the front line or line of scrimmage. The closest player was the quarterback. Then came the halfback(s). Then came the fullback. If a halfback played off to the side, he was a wing back or wing. If he played far out to the side, he was a wide out. Normally halfbacks weighed less than fullbacks. Sometimes, a halfback will play as far back as the full back. Then he would be called a tailback.
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Fullback
Yes fullbacks, halfbacks (this term is no longer often used), and tailbacks are all running backs. The fullback is usually the bigger running back in a two back formation, and although he does carry the football or catch passes on ocassion, the fullback is usually used as a lead blocker or to help protect the quarterback on a passing play.
Positions get their names by where they are at on the field. Walter Camp invented many of them, including "quarterback." Others, including "halfback" and "fullback," were borrowed from soccer and rugby.
From Wikipedia: "The term quarterback has its origin in Scottish Rugby, wherein backfield players, according to their customary distance behind the forwards, were designated 'quarter back' (i.e. ¼ of the way back), 'halfback', and 'fullback'."
Five time Pro-Bowler, College and Pro Football Hall of Famer and First Round Draft Choice out of Syracuse, Running Back and Fullback Larry Csonka "really" played football. He did eight years with the Dolphins, one year with the World Football League and three years with the Giants. His jersey number 39 was retired by the Dolphins.