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Hockey is in the Olympics because not only is it Canada's past-time, it is also played around the world. It is a very popular sport.
Hockey is played in over sixty countries (perhaps more) at various levels of proficiency. The elite nations are Canada, USA, Russia, Sweden, Finland & Czech Republic. I suggest you check www.IIHF.com for a list of countries and the various championships they sponsor.
If mean the original Hockey World Cup (first held in 1971), as in played on a turf, 11 a side, then Pakistan has won 4 times (1971, 1978, 1982 & 1994), followed by the Netherlands (3 times) and Germany (2 times). India and Australia have also won it. If you mean the Ice Hockey World Cup Tournament as sponsored by the NHL, Canada has won the most times. If you mean the official senior men's World Championships as operated by the IIHF, I also believe it is Canada. However, I suggest you check out the website at www.IIHF.com or simply Google World Hockey Championships to look for a list of gold medal winners.
Brazil.