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Constantine the Great designated Byzantium as his imperial capital, redeveloped it and renamed it Constantinople (City of Constantine). Contrary from it is sometimes though, he did not move the capital from Rome. Rome had already ceased to be the imperial capital under Constantine's predecessor, Diocletian, who designated Nicomedia (in north-western Turkey, not far from Byzantium) as the imperial capital of the eastern part of the Roman Empire and Milan (in northern Italy) as the imperial capital of the western part of the empire.
The city of Byzantium was designated as the imperial capital of Constantine, who redeveloped it and renamed it Constantinople after himself (It means City of Constantine). Today it is called Istanbul.
The Capital of the empire was not moved from Rome to Byzantium. The imperial capital of the eastern part of the empire was moved from Nicomedia (in northwetern Turkey) to nearby Byzantium by Constantine I in 330 BC. The capital of the western part of the empire remained Milan. Rome had ceased to be an imperial seat when Nicomedia and Milan were established as the imperial capitals of the two parts of the empire (286 BC) which were ruled by two co-emperos, one for each part. Rome became the nominal capital of the whole empire. Byzantium was renamed Constantinople.
Russia--I just took this on a test. It's totally right.
Constantine the Great ruled the Roman Empire. In his days the empire had an imperial capital in the west, Milan, and an imperial capital in the east, Nicomedia (in northwestern Turkey. Constantine moved the capital of the east from Nicomedia to Constantinople.