The winner in a test cricket match is determined quite simply by adding both teams complete scores from both innings. The team with the highest score wins. If both teams go out with the exact total the match is called a tie. If inclement weather forces a match to end without a winner being determined the match is a tie. If a match ends with Team A scoring 550 runs in their one winning and Team B not equaling that total despite two innings Team A is said to have run by an innings and whatever amount of runs B came short by. If Team B bats out its second runs but fails to beat Team A's total Team A is said to have won by however many runs B came short by. If Team B beats Team A's total then Team B is said to have won by how many wickets they had left in hand.
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Regardless of how the first innings ends, if the second team can overtake the first one's run total before running out of wickets or overs, they win (and the margin would be by wickets). Otherwise, the first team win (and the margin would be by runs)