It's made up out of SOUP! Yes its a fatty pork stew called Chankonabe which translates into 'Chinese Pot Stew'!
A sumo wrestler's diet:
1. Skip breakfast, go directly to work out /exercise on an empty stomach
2. Around 11-12 noon, chow down 10,000 calories of Chanko-nabe** with rice and 6 pints of beer
3. Nap for 4 hours
4. Around 6-7 pm, chow down 10,000 calories of Chanko-nabe** with rice and 6 pints of beer
5. Go to bed
This regimen of no breakfast, eating two large meals of 10,000 calories each drinking beer and sleeping after meals helps wrestlers put on excessive weight.
**Chanko-nabe is a one-pot stew with tofu, shiitake mushroom, leeks, potatoes, carrots, cabbage, fish, chicken, and beef all cooked in a boiling soup base.
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To gain weight, Sumo wrestlers eat two high caloric meals a day, roughly about 10,000 calories each, sleep between meals and drink a lot of beer.
After they get up in the morning, they go straight into training skipping breakfast entirely. Then around 11-12 noon and 6-7pm each day they eat huge quantities of chankonabe, rice and wash it down with lots of beer. They also nap between meals.
Chankonabe is a chicken broth stew with vegetables, other meats and fish added in. It is a high protein, healthy and nutritious food. Just eating chankonabe will not gain weight. But the secret to Sumo wrestlers' diet is that they gorge on chankonabe to gain weight. Some wrestlers can eat up to 10 bowls of rice at one sitting!
This regimented diet, beer, sleep and rigorous training on an empty stomach is what make these wrestlers gain weight fast.
They eat huge amounts of high calorie food. It is predominantly a rich stew. They consume bowls of it every day along with beer, saki and tea.
It is actually a pretty simple diet. They eat two meals a day, the primary food is chankuo nabe, a one pot meal.
The simple answer is that they eat a lot! Most of it is a rich stew that gives them energy to fight. They burn off a lot of calories practicing.