The correct term for grade in Taekwondo is the Korean word "geup." There is usually only one geup per belt color, but sometimes there are two.
This question uses incorrect terminology since Taekwondo is a Korean Martial Art, and the term "kyu" is Japanese for the color belt level or "grade." In the Korean language, the term for grade is "geup." The grading system is used to create short term goals for the student, and checkpoints for the Instructor on the path to reach 1st Degree Black Belt. The grades may be divided into any number, but typically begin at 8th grade, or 9th grade, and count down to the 1st grade being the highest level of color belt before attaining Black Belt. The white belt is the beginner rank that is either considered "mu geup" ("no grade") or represents a 10th level, or the 9th or 8th grade.
Each grade after white belt is represented on the student's uniform by wearing a different color belt, or adding taped stripes to a current belt. Some Taekwondo schools and organizations use a different color for each grade, getting gradually darker toward the Black Belt, while others use one belt for two grades, and add stripes to show an advancement from a low grade to high grade of the same color.
Example:
Mu Geup = No Grade - White Belt
Gu Geup = 9th Grade - Yellow Belt or White Belt
Pal Geup = 8th Grade - Gold Belt or Low Yellow Belt
Chil Geup = 7th Grade - Orange Belt or High Yellow Belt
Yuk Geup = 6th Grade - Green Belt or Low Green Belt
Oh Geup = 5th Grade - Purple Belt or High Green Belt
Sa Geup = 4th Grade - Blue Belt or Low Blue Belt
Sam Geup = 3rd Grade - Red Belt or High Blue Belt
Yi Geup = 2nd Grade - Brown Belt or Low Brown Belt
Il Geup = 1st Grade - Brown & Black Stripe Belt or High Brown Belt or Red Belt
Il Dan = 1st Degree Black Belt
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