The lateen sail was invented around 100.
how did the lateen sail help the european explorers
A type of sail
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a trangular sail
in polynesia
The Arabs used them
Trapezoidal, actually. But the square sails were called square sails. Lateen or square could be referred to as yards.
The lateen is believed to have been used in the Eastern Mediterranean as early as the 2nd Century ce (common ear). The effective use by the Arabs caused it's rapid spread through the Mediterranean. The lateen sail was so popular because its ability to sail into the wind. Prior to the lateen a majority of sea vessels used square sails (which one can imagine wouldn't sail into the wind very effectively). The lateen made up a majority of ship sails during the Age of Discovery (When Columbus discovered the Americas). The lateen made it possible to sail faster, farther, and more efficiently. An elite ship during the Age of Discovery was the caravel, its elite status can be attributed to how effectively it utilized the lateen sail.
Lateen rig
A dhow.
Lateen