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The rate-limiting step of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is the slowest step in the reaction that determines the overall rate at which the reaction proceeds.
The HMG-CoA Reductase reaction is rate-limiting for cholesterol synthesis.
The rate-limiting enzyme of the urea cycle is carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I, which catalyzes the first step in the pathway. This enzyme is activated by N-acetylglutamate, which serves as a regulatory molecule in response to the levels of amino acids.
Phosphofructokinase (PFK)
Phosphofructokinase
The rate-limiting step of the Calvin Cycle in photosynthesis is significant because it controls the overall speed at which the cycle can produce glucose, which is essential for plant growth and energy storage. If this step is slow, it can limit the plant's ability to efficiently convert carbon dioxide into sugars, impacting its overall productivity.
A rate-governed or rate-limiting process is a process in which there are several steps; however, the rate of one or more steps is much slower than all the others. The rates of the previous steps and following steps are assuming to be infinite, and the rate of the process only depends on the rate-limiting step(s).
It inhibits the rate-limiting enzyme (HMG-CoA reductase) in the multi-step pathway of cholesterol synthesis, in the liver.
Chemical reactions involve the breaking and forming of bonds, and the rate at which this happens can vary widely. Some reactions, like rusting, can be very slow, taking years to noticeably occur. However, reactions can be sped up by changing conditions like temperature and pressure.
The molecularity of the rate-controlling step may not necessarily be the same as the overall reaction order. The rate-controlling step is determined by the slowest step in a reaction mechanism, while the overall reaction order is the sum of the individual reactant concentrations in the rate law equation. It is possible for the molecularity of the rate-controlling step to influence the overall reaction order, but they are not always directly correlated.
To determine the rate-determining step from a graph, look for the slowest step where the rate of reaction is the lowest. This step will have the highest activation energy and will be the one that controls the overall rate of the reaction.
The rate law that is consistent with the proposed mechanism is determined by the slowest step in the reaction, known as the rate-determining step. This step will dictate the overall rate of the reaction and the rate law will be based on the reactants involved in this step.