It compresses the air in a engine or compressor.
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To keep the rings from rotating on 2 stroke engines. You will not see this on 4 stroke engines.
The piston rings create a seal between the piston and the cylinder wall.
A piston seal is a gasket designed to keep fluid from leaking around the piston. Piston seals are commonly used in brake calipers.
It is a spring metal sleeve that goes over a piston to compress the rings so that the piston can be install in the motor. It tightens down on the piston, forcing the rings into the grooves in the piston then you tap it into the cylinder.
On the outside of a piston near its top are two or more grooves that hold steel piston rings. The piston rings are used to form a seal between the piston and the cylinder. The material between the ring grooves is often called the ring lands.