Through Super Bowl XLIII, that is John Elway with 5 (SBs XXI, XXII, XXIV, XXXII, and XXXIII).
Paul Hornung of the Green Bay Packers wore number 5 in the first super bowl in 1967. I don't think he played in either game but Pittsburgh's backup quarterback for Super Bowls IX and X, Terry Hanratty, wore number 5.
Jim plunket Oakland raiders
joe Montana 16
Hall of Famer Dan Marino wore the 13 jersey for the Miami Dolphins. Marino can arguable be the best quarterback to play the game without a Super Bowl victory.
As of my last update, number 7 for the San Francisco 49ers has been worn by several players, but prominently by quarterback Colin Kaepernick during his time with the team from 2011 to 2016. Kaepernick is known for leading the 49ers to Super Bowl XLVII and for his activism off the field. Following him, other players, such as quarterback Nate Sudfeld, have also worn the number. Always check the latest roster for current players.
Uniform number 12 has been worn by 25 starting super bowl quarterbacks, 15 winners and 10 losers. The numbers are skewed a little bit by the fact that Terry Bradshaw and Roger Staubach both appeared in so many super bowls. The next closest is number 7, worn by 5 winners and 7 losers for a total of 12 starting quarterbacks.
Colts elect to wear blue jerseys in Super Bowl XLIV; Saints to wear white
No Steelers player wore #6 in Super Bowl XIII, which was played on January 21, 1979. The #6 was worn by Jim Elliott in 1967 and then again by Bubby Brister from 1986-1992.
Marino was never in the superbowl
In the history of the Indianapolis Colts, quarterback Johnny Unitas famously wore jersey number 19, while the number 1 jersey was worn by kicker Adam Vinatieri during his time with the team. Vinatieri is well-known for his clutch kicking and played a significant role in the Colts' success, including their Super Bowl victories. However, jersey number 1 has not been widely associated with any specific player in the Colts' history.
Two Super Bowl Quarterbacks have worn #13. Miami Dolphins qb Dan Marino (Super Bowl XIX, loss) ST. Louis Rams/Arizona Cardinals qb Kurt Warner (Super Bowls XXXIV - win, XXXVI - loss, XLIII - loss).