Position does not matter when considering whether a goal was scored. All that matters is the situation surrounding the event. For example, the forwards and strikers of a team have just as much right and ability to score a goal as do the defenders and the goalkeeper. The position of the shooter does not matter.
The "situations" mentioned above that could prevent a goal consist mostly of technicalities in the Laws of the Game. The ball must be in play for a goal to be scored (duh), and it cannot be scored directly from an indirect free kick or a throw-in.
Yes, it is allowed to score a direct shot in soccer.
You are not allowed to score in soccer by your fist
Yes, it is allowed to score a direct goal from the kickoff in soccer.
Yes, it is allowed to score a direct shot from the kickoff in soccer.
No, players are not allowed to score directly from inside the goalie box during a soccer match.
It is currently allowed. So... now.
1984
Yes, you can score from inside the goalie box in soccer.
Yes. Any player on the pitch can score in soccer including goalkeepers.
a goal in soccer is to "score a goal"
No. Penalty kicks are not allowed in upward soccer, but they are allowed in bigger leagues.
In soccer, a defense can score by kicking the ball into their own team's goal, known as an own goal.