5 yards
If the 'kick' is intentional, it is an illegal kick penalty. If it is unintentional, it is a fumble.
No. An illegal formation penalty does not stop play. The play is only negated if the defense accepts the penalty after the play is over.
On a kick off, if the ball goes out of bounds it's an illegal procedure, and it's a penalty. Note: Does not apply to punts.
If the 'kick' is intentional, it is an illegal kick penalty. If it is unintentional, it is a fumble.
Technically, yes, it is illegal to advance the runner. The official penalty is called "Helping the Runner." It is rarely enforced, however.
Yes faceguarding is a penalty in college football
Yes. It is illegal to impede the progress of any player, regardless of whether the player is in possession of the ball, by sticking your leg out and attempting to trip them. The penalty is 10 yards.
There is no penalty for that
In American football, there is no penalty for not enough players on the field for a play. Should there be too many players on the field, there is a penalty called for illegal participation (five yards). But if a team has too few, there is no penalty called. There technically is no penalty for having too few players on the field. However, the offense always has to have at least seven men on the line of scrimmage and an eligible receiver on each end of the line. If the offense didn't meet this requirement, they would be flagged for an illegal formation.
Same as in all levels of football: 5 yards for illegal substitution. The exception would be if 12 people actually participate in the play. That's illegal participation, which is 15 yards.
No. Tripping by a blocker for the ball carrier or by a defender trying to tackle the ball carrier is illegal and is a 10 yard penalty.