It's also referred to as a bunker.
Bunker.
I would say because it makes the shot easier, and the main rule in golf is to not make a shot too easy.
Albatros
Mulligan
A whiff.
Albatros
An ace.
Another name for a golf caddie is looper. It is come from making a loop around the golf course. This term can be heard in the movie Caddyshack.
A whiff. No other name for it really.
a bunker or a hazard.
An ace is another name for a hole in one.
They are usually referred to as the golf 'pro' at a course and are engaged to provide lessons for people.
there is if you die! LOL!