Hardness
An SAE Grade 8 bolt will have 6 radial lines on it as shown below. \ | / / | \
A nut and bolt combination forms a fastener .
A nut and bolt combination forms a fastener .
It's a measure of the strength of the bolt. The strength is measured using what's called a grade. In this case, you have a grade 8 bolt. The higher the number, the stronger the bolt.
Snap.
Six sided bolt.
Typically, a stud bolt refers to an un-headed fastener, like a piece of all thread rod. A hex bolt is common a six-sided fastener, available in many grades.
The Rockwell C Hardness for a grade 10.9 fastener is 32 - 39HRC or 320 - 380Hv10
A grade denotes the mechanical properties of a screw - the materials used, size, direction of the thread and so on.
A bolt.
An eye bolt is a particular type of bolt used to fasten panels to walls among other things. One can purchase these from hardware stores such as Lowes and Bunnings.
Grade 10.9 bolts or capscrews have a minimum tensile strength of 1040N/mm2 and a hardness of 320 - 380Hv10. Grade 12.9 bolts or capscrews have a minimum tensile strength of 1220N/mm2 and a hardness of 385 - 435Hv10. The 12.9 fastener is therefore a higher grade (hardness and tensile strength) fastener compared with 10.9 grade