That was the 1952 Summer Games in Helsinki. The USSR won 71 medals (22 gold, 30 silver, 19 bronze) at the 1952 Games.
No, the US did not compete in the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. They boycotted the Games due to the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan in 1979.
The Russian Empire's first Olympics was the 1900 Games in Paris. Four athletes were entered in two sports (fencing, equestrian) and they won no medals. Russia also competed in the 1908 and 1912 Games. After the Russian Revolution in 1917 and the subsequent creation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Russians would not compete in another Olympics until 1952. Russians competed under the USSR flag between 1952-1988. Upon the fall of the Soviet Union, the first Olympics that Russia competed in as a country was the 1994 Winter Games in Lillehammer.
The Soviet Union sent 420 athletes to the Summer Games in Helsinki and none to the Winter Games in Oslo.
Women were not allow to compete at the first Olympic in 1896.
Armenia first participated at the Olympic Games as an independent nation in 1994, and has sent athletes to compete in every Summer Olympic Games and Winter Olympic Games since then. Previously, Armenian athletes competed as part of the Soviet Union at the Olympics from 1952 to 1988, and after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Armenia was part of the Unified Team in 1992. Armenian athletes have won a total of nine medals, in wrestling, weightlifting and boxing. The National Olympic Committee of Armenia was created in 1990 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1993.
Soviet union
The Soviet Union
Women were able to compete in the 1900 Olympic Games.
No they did not.
1919
Italy competed at the first Modern Olympic Games in 1896. They sent one athlete that compete in Shooting.
Yes, women were allowed to compete at the first Commonwealth Games.