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2006 locations haven't been set yet, but locations are known to repeat each year (doesn't mean they'll stay the same though). Download the 2005 application here..... http://www.pgatour.com/u/photos/misc/2005/jul/2005qapplication-pgatour.pdf It can give you an idea of all the locations for 2005, so you have a better idea of what to expect for 2006.
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How is the total pessure of gases calculated?
Ptotal = Pgas 1 + Pgas 2 + Pgas 3 ... the total pressure equals the pressure of all gases for example, in air, there are nitrogen, oxygen and many other substances it's not a pure oxygen. you have to add all the gases to get the total pressure
How do convert LPM to NLPM?
Conversion from LPM to NLPM: NLPM = LPM * (273.15/Tgas)*(Pgas/14.696) Where Pgas is absolute pressure in PSI Tgas is gas temperature in Kelvin e.g. Convert 1000LPM to nLPM value by considering the gas temperature 30 deg. cel. & absolute pressure 1 bar NLPM = 1000 * (273.15/303.15)*(14.50377/14.696) NLPM = ~ 890 - Sanjay Rajput (Pune)
How do you get sponsored as a golfer?
ask everyone you know! its not easy! i am working hard to save money for lpga qschool, i am getting a job and saving for a year, i am a +4 handicap, so its not easy to get money thrown at you these days, so work hard like me and hopefully we can reach our dreams.
How do you get into Q-school to get a PGA Tour card?
You have to start by going to your regional qualifier. If you top the competition there then you continue on to q-school. This year and almost every year it is in Florida. Be prepared to spend a lot of money to possibly get your *** planted firmly into the ground. But who knows. Details can be found here------> http://www.pgatour.com/qschool/
Memory chips in a computer system are referred to as?
AnswerDual Inline Packages (DIPs), Pin Grid Arrays (PGAs), Single Inline Packages (SIPs), not certain about the last being defined as a "chip", but Single-inline memory modules (SIMMS).I need to know the location in the computer of memory chips?
A 500 ml oxygen sample is collected over water at 4 degree celsius the total 750 mmHg.What will be the pressure of oxygen gas if it is dried.What volume will the dry gas occupied at STP?
to figure out the pressure of the dry gas, use this equation: Pgas= Ptotal - Pwatervapor ...(P means pressure) you need to find a conversion chart of 4 degrees celsius (into mm Hg/torr/atm) : http://dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us/webdocs/GasLaw/Vapor-Pressure-Data.html 4 degrees celsius = 0.81359 kPa ... convert to mm Hg by dividing by 101.325, then multiply by 760.0. 4 degrees celsius = 6.10mm Hg now plug into the problem above... Pgas= 750mm Hg - 6.10mm Hg = 743.9 mm Hg of dry oxygen gas ...that should be the correct answer, check with a chem teacher or something. ...I myself am trying to figure out how to solve the volume of dry gas at STP later to figure out the pressure of the dry gas, use this equation: Pgas= Ptotal - Pwatervapor ...(P means pressure) you need to find a conversion chart of 4 degrees celsius (into mm Hg/torr/atm) : http://dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us/webdocs/GasLaw/Vapor-Pressure-Data.html 4 degrees celsius = 0.81359 kPa ... convert to mm Hg by dividing by 101.325, then multiply by 760.0. 4 degrees celsius = 6.10mm Hg now plug into the problem above... Pgas= 750mm Hg - 6.10mm Hg = 743.9 mm Hg of dry oxygen gas ...that should be the correct answer, check with a chem teacher or something. ...I myself am trying to figure out how to solve the volume of dry gas at STP later
What reactions make up the Calvin cycle?
Steps of the Calvin Cycle:(1) The enzyme RuBisCO catalyses the carboxylation of Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, a 5 carbon compound, by carbon dioxide (a total of 6 carbons) in a two-step reaction. The initial product of the reaction is a six-carbon intermediate so unstable that it immediately splits in half, forming two molecules of glycerate 3-phosphate, a 3-carbon compound. (also: 3-phosphoglycerate, 3-phosphoglyceric acid, 3PGA)(2) The enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase catalyses the phosphorylation of 3PGA by ATP (which was produced in the light-dependent stage). 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (glycerate-1,3-bisphosphate) and ADP are the products. (However, note that two PGAs are produced for every CO2 that enters the cycle, so this step utilizes 2ATP per CO2 fixed.(3) The enzyme G3P dehydrogenase catalyses the reduction of 1,3BPGA by NADPH (which is another product of the light-dependent stage). Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (also G3P, GP, TP, PGAL) is produced, and the NADPH itself was oxidized and becomes NADP+. Again, two NADPH are utilized per CO2 fixed.(Simplified versions of the Calvin cycle integrate the remaining steps, except for the last one, into one general step - the regeneration of RuBP - also, one G3P would exit here.)(4) Triose phosphate isomerase converts some G3P reversibly into dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), also a 3-carbon molecule.(5) Aldolase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase convert a G3P and a DHAP into fructose-6-phosphate (6C). A phosphate ion is lost into solution.(6) Then fixation of another CO2 generates two more G3P.(7) F6P has two carbons removed by transketolase, giving erythrose-4-phosphate. The two carbons on transketolase are added to a G3P, giving the ketose xylulose-5-phosphate (Xu5P).(8) E4P and a DHAP (formed from one of the G3P from the second CO2 fixation) are converted into sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate (7C) by aldolase enzyme.(9) Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (one of only three enzymes of the Calvin cycle which are unique to plants) cleaves sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate into sedoheptulose-7-phosphate, releasing an inorganic phosphate ion into solution.(10) Fixation of a third CO2 generates two more G3P. The ketose S7P has two carbons removed by transketolase, giving ribose-5-phosphate (R5P), and the two carbons remaining on transketolase are transferred to one of the G3P, giving another Xu5P. This leaves one G3P as the product of fixation of 3 CO2, with generation of three pentoses which can be converted to Ru5P.(11) R5P is converted into ribulose-5-phosphate (Ru5P, RuP) by phosphopentose isomerase. Xu5P is converted into RuP by phosphopentose epimerase.(12) Finally, phosphoribulokinase (another plant unique enzyme of the pathway) phosphorylates RuP into RuBP, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, completing the Calvin cycle. This requires the input of one ATP.SHORTER ANSWER : The Calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH from the light-depenedent reactions to produce high-energy sugars.
What reactions make up the Calvin?
Steps of the Calvin Cycle:(1) The enzyme RuBisCO catalyses the carboxylation of Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, a 5 carbon compound, by carbon dioxide (a total of 6 carbons) in a two-step reaction. The initial product of the reaction is a six-carbon intermediate so unstable that it immediately splits in half, forming two molecules of glycerate 3-phosphate, a 3-carbon compound. (also: 3-phosphoglycerate, 3-phosphoglyceric acid, 3PGA)(2) The enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase catalyses the phosphorylation of 3PGA by ATP (which was produced in the light-dependent stage). 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (glycerate-1,3-bisphosphate) and ADP are the products. (However, note that two PGAs are produced for every CO2 that enters the cycle, so this step utilizes 2ATP per CO2 fixed.(3) The enzyme G3P dehydrogenase catalyses the reduction of 1,3BPGA by NADPH (which is another product of the light-dependent stage). Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (also G3P, GP, TP, PGAL) is produced, and the NADPH itself was oxidized and becomes NADP+. Again, two NADPH are utilized per CO2 fixed.(Simplified versions of the Calvin cycle integrate the remaining steps, except for the last one, into one general step - the regeneration of RuBP - also, one G3P would exit here.)(4) Triose phosphate isomerase converts some G3P reversibly into dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), also a 3-carbon molecule.(5) Aldolase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase convert a G3P and a DHAP into fructose-6-phosphate (6C). A phosphate ion is lost into solution.(6) Then fixation of another CO2 generates two more G3P.(7) F6P has two carbons removed by transketolase, giving erythrose-4-phosphate. The two carbons on transketolase are added to a G3P, giving the ketose xylulose-5-phosphate (Xu5P).(8) E4P and a DHAP (formed from one of the G3P from the second CO2 fixation) are converted into sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate (7C) by aldolase enzyme.(9) Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (one of only three enzymes of the Calvin cycle which are unique to plants) cleaves sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate into sedoheptulose-7-phosphate, releasing an inorganic phosphate ion into solution.(10) Fixation of a third CO2 generates two more G3P. The ketose S7P has two carbons removed by transketolase, giving ribose-5-phosphate (R5P), and the two carbons remaining on transketolase are transferred to one of the G3P, giving another Xu5P. This leaves one G3P as the product of fixation of 3 CO2, with generation of three pentoses which can be converted to Ru5P.(11) R5P is converted into ribulose-5-phosphate (Ru5P, RuP) by phosphopentose isomerase. Xu5P is converted into RuP by phosphopentose epimerase.(12) Finally, phosphoribulokinase (another plant unique enzyme of the pathway) phosphorylates RuP into RuBP, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, completing the Calvin cycle. This requires the input of one ATP.SHORTER ANSWER : The Calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH from the light-depenedent reactions to produce high-energy sugars.
What makes up the Calvin cycle?
Steps of the Calvin Cycle:(1) The enzyme RuBisCO catalyses the carboxylation of Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, a 5 carbon compound, by carbon dioxide (a total of 6 carbons) in a two-step reaction. The initial product of the reaction is a six-carbon intermediate so unstable that it immediately splits in half, forming two molecules of glycerate 3-phosphate, a 3-carbon compound. (also: 3-phosphoglycerate, 3-phosphoglyceric acid, 3PGA)(2) The enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase catalyses the phosphorylation of 3PGA by ATP (which was produced in the light-dependent stage). 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (glycerate-1,3-bisphosphate) and ADP are the products. (However, note that two PGAs are produced for every CO2 that enters the cycle, so this step utilizes 2ATP per CO2 fixed.(3) The enzyme G3P dehydrogenase catalyses the reduction of 1,3BPGA by NADPH (which is another product of the light-dependent stage). Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (also G3P, GP, TP, PGAL) is produced, and the NADPH itself was oxidized and becomes NADP+. Again, two NADPH are utilized per CO2 fixed.(Simplified versions of the Calvin cycle integrate the remaining steps, except for the last one, into one general step - the regeneration of RuBP - also, one G3P would exit here.)(4) Triose phosphate isomerase converts some G3P reversibly into dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), also a 3-carbon molecule.(5) Aldolase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase convert a G3P and a DHAP into fructose-6-phosphate (6C). A phosphate ion is lost into solution.(6) Then fixation of another CO2 generates two more G3P.(7) F6P has two carbons removed by transketolase, giving erythrose-4-phosphate. The two carbons on transketolase are added to a G3P, giving the ketose xylulose-5-phosphate (Xu5P).(8) E4P and a DHAP (formed from one of the G3P from the second CO2 fixation) are converted into sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate (7C) by aldolase enzyme.(9) Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (one of only three enzymes of the Calvin cycle which are unique to plants) cleaves sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate into sedoheptulose-7-phosphate, releasing an inorganic phosphate ion into solution.(10) Fixation of a third CO2 generates two more G3P. The ketose S7P has two carbons removed by transketolase, giving ribose-5-phosphate (R5P), and the two carbons remaining on transketolase are transferred to one of the G3P, giving another Xu5P. This leaves one G3P as the product of fixation of 3 CO2, with generation of three pentoses which can be converted to Ru5P.(11) R5P is converted into ribulose-5-phosphate (Ru5P, RuP) by phosphopentose isomerase. Xu5P is converted into RuP by phosphopentose epimerase.(12) Finally, phosphoribulokinase (another plant unique enzyme of the pathway) phosphorylates RuP into RuBP, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, completing the Calvin cycle. This requires the input of one ATP.SHORTER ANSWER : The Calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH from the light-depenedent reactions to produce high-energy sugars.
Does the light reaction and the Calvin cycle require glucose?
This is from an article about the Calvin cycle;During photosynthesis, light energy is used to generate chemical free energy, stored in glucose. The light-independent Calvin cycle, also (misleadingly) known as the "dark reaction" or "dark stage," uses the energy from short-lived electronically-excited carriers to convert carbon dioxide and water into organic compounds[2]that can be used by the organism (and by animals that feed on it). This set of reactions is also called carbon fixation. The key enzyme of the cycle is called RuBisCO. In the following equations, the chemical species (phosphates and carboxylic acids) exist in equilibria among their various ionized states as governed by the pH. The enzymes in the Calvin cycle are functionally equivalent to many enzymes used in other metabolic pathways such as gluconeogenesis and the pentose phosphate pathway, but they are to be found in the chloroplast stroma instead of the cell cytoplasm, separating the reactions. They are activated in the light (which is why the name "dark reaction" is misleading), and also by products of the light-dependent reaction. These regulatory functions prevent the Calvin cycle from being respired to carbon dioxide. Energy (in the form of ATP) would be wasted in carrying out these reactions that have no net productivity. The sum of reactions in the Calvin cycle is the following: 3 CO2 + 6 NADPH + 5 H2O + 9 ATP → C3H5O3-PO32- + 2 H+ + 6 NADP+ + 9 ADP + 8 Pi OR 3 CO2 + 6 C21H29N7O17P3 + 5 H2O + 9 C10H16N5O13P3 → C3H5O3-PO32- + 2 H+ + 6 NADP+ + 9 C10H15N5O10P2 + 8 Pi It should be noted that hexose (six-carbon) sugars are not a product of the Calvin cycle. Although many texts list a product of photosynthesis as C6H12O6, this is mainly a convenience to counter the equation of respiration, where six-carbon sugars are oxidized in mitochondria. The carbohydrate products of the Calvin Cycle are three-carbon sugar phosphate molecules, or "triose phosphates," to be specific, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P). [edit] Steps of the Calvin cycle 1. The enzyme RuBisCO catalyses the carboxylation of Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, a 5-carbon compound, by carbon dioxide (a total of 6 carbons) in a two-step reaction [1]. The initial product of the reaction is a six-carbon intermediate so unstable that it immediately splits in half, forming two molecules of glycerate 3-phosphate, a 3-carbon compound. [3](also: 3-phosphoglycerate, 3-phosphoglyceric acid, 3PGA) 2. The enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase catalyses the phosphorylation of 3PGA by ATP (which was produced in the light-dependent stage). 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (glycerate-1,3-bisphosphate) and ADP are the products. (However, note that two PGAs are produced for every CO2 that enters the cycle, so this step utilizes 2ATP per CO2 fixed. 3. The enzyme G3P dehydrogenase catalyses the reduction of 1,3BPGA by NADPH (which is another product of the light-dependent stage). Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (also G3P, GP, TP, PGAL) is produced, and the NADPH itself was oxidized and becomes NADP+. Again, two NADPH are utilized per CO2 fixed. (Simplified versions of the Calvin cycle integrate the remaining steps, except for the last one, into one general step - the regeneration of RuBP - also, one G3P would exit here.) 1. Triose phosphate isomerase converts some G3P reversibly into dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), also a 3-carbon molecule. 2. Aldolase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase convert a G3P and a DHAP into fructose 6-phosphate (6C). A phosphate ion is lost into solution. 3. Then fixation of another CO2 generates two more G3P. 4. F6P has two carbons removed by transketolase, giving erythrose-4-phosphate. The two carbons on transketolase are added to a G3P, giving the ketose xylulose-5-phosphate (Xu5P). 5. E4P and a DHAP (formed from one of the G3P from the second CO2 fixation) are converted into sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate (7C) by aldolase enzyme. 6. Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (one of only three enzymes of the Calvin cycle that are unique to plants) cleaves sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate into sedoheptulose-7-phosphate, releasing an inorganic phosphate ion into solution. 7. Fixation of a third CO2 generates two more G3P. The ketose S7P has two carbons removed by transketolase, giving ribose-5-phosphate (R5P), and the two carbons remaining on transketolase are transferred to one of the G3P, giving another Xu5P. This leaves one G3P as the product of fixation of 3 CO2, with generation of three pentoses which can be converted to Ru5P. 8. R5P is converted into ribulose-5-phosphate (Ru5P, RuP) by phosphopentose isomerase. Xu5P is converted into RuP by phosphopentose epimerase. 9. Finally, phosphoribulokinase (another plant unique enzyme of the pathway) phosphorylates RuP into RuBP, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, completing the Calvin cycle. This requires the input of one ATP. Thus, of 6 G3P produced, three RuBP (5C) are made totalling 15 carbons, with only one available for subseq
What happen in the world in the year 2000?
A) 6.8-7.5 earthquake strikes Flores Island causing a tsunami that kills 3,000 B) Clinton formally resigned the Arkansas governorship on December 12, 1992. He was succeeded by Lieutenant Governor Jim Guy Tucker
