If there is an offside infraction, the assistant referee (sometimes called Linesman) will raise his flag to indicate that play must be stopped, and follow the the appropriate signal. Play will be restarted with an indirect free kick to the defenders from the location where the offside player was at the moment that his teammate played it.
Offside. Goal. Corner kick. Foul. Penalty area.
Its called Offside, or being in an offside position. Being in an offside position, in and of itself, is not a foul. The foul occurs when the ball is PLAYED to the PERSON in an offside position. You can be "passive", not involved in the play, in an offside position and there is no foul.
Disqualification happens when a player touches the soccer ball with their hands when he was supposed to kick a penalty
You can't.
There is no offense called "handball." It is called "deliberate handling" and the restart is a direct free kick for the opponents at the location of the offense.
Offside
being offside, and being tackled
The Cambridge Rules, written in 1848, first introduced the concept of offside.
hockey, indoor soccer
Yes.
Most people will take a dive and milk a penalty. It's soccer, it's expected.
No. This is not a cautionable offense. There are other things that can happen simultaneously to the offside call that could be. But being offside would never be a listed reason for a caution.