A goalkeeper is one of the most important players in the soccer team.
His job is to prevent the other team from scoring. Whether the goalkeeper punches the ball, catches it, or kicks it, as long as the ball does not go past the line, no point is scored.
The goalkeeper is also the leader of the team's defence. He is able to see the entire field and can instruct his teammates. The keeper can organize his team and have them pull up or stay back if needed. He can control the tempo of the game (hold the ball longer, get rid of it quicker, etc.).
The goalkeeper should have really good eye-hand coordination, not be afraid of the ball, and be willing to basically "sacrifice" his body for his team by diving in front of attackers who will purposefully knock into the keeper to score.
See the link below for more information:
http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/goalkeeper-defending-the-soccer-goal.html
A Goalkeeper Guide link:
http://www.soccer-training-guide.com/soccer-goalie.html
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He is in the goal the whole game. He has to keep the ball from getting into the goal. If the ball goes into the goal the other team gets a point and the goalie failed to keep the ball out. The goal keeper is the only one in the whole game (other than the opposite goal keeper) allowed to touch the ball with his/her hands.
The goalkeeper has a very important role in football. The goalkeeper protects the goal in order to keep the other team from scoring a goal. This helps the goalkeeper's team have a better chance of winning.
The goalkeepers job in soccer is to keep the ball out of the goal so the other team won't make a point (goal).