No, not unless he touches the ball, in which case the penalty would be illegal touching.
Ineligible receiver downfield: 5 yard penalty, replay the down
Illegal touching by ineligible: 5 yard penalty, loss of down
Infrared communication is impaired by loss of a direct line of sight. This is caused by physical obstructions between the emitter and receiver.
Thermodynamic loss is about the same as saying 'cooling down'.
absorption: having a change in energy from source to the receiver by its medium scattering by particles: occurs without a change in energy, but results in a change in direction of propagation
Yes, any penalty that includes a loss of down would apply on 4th down. The result is a turnover on downs.
it's covered with cuticle
There isn't really a limit for cable length. The maximum length is determined by the loss you can afford to lose based on path loss, antenna gain, receiver sensitivity and transmitter power.
Noise (as related to a radio signal I suppose) is an unwanted signal being processed by a receiver. Attenuation is a loss of the intended signal before it gets to the receiver (usually due to such things as distance, line of sight obstructions, etc.
False Start
In a transformer, there are two basic types of losses that are broken down even further: iron loss and copper loss. Hysteresis loss is part of what makes up the iron loss, but is not the only part of iron losses.
A death is often referred to as a loss.The loss of my mother's necklace made me cry.After his house burned down, the elderly man could not deal with one more loss.
bone loss can be slowed down by exercise, calicum, and vitamin D
If by "shut down" you mean "die," then yes.