Yes, for steerage.
A centerboard is lighter, therefore not as strong. The centerboard is retractable, the keel is not. Please see the related link below:
because you use a sail to move the boat
a boat a sail and the wind
Viking longships, starting in the 700s AD, had a mast with a sail. To make a boat with a sail stable, a keel is needed to counteract the tipping forces the wind places on the sail. Prior to the sail being added, longships did not require or have keels.
The sail acts as an aerofoil so that when the boat is sailing close-hauled (close to the wind) the wind hits the leading-edge of the sail end on, the curve of the sail then deflects it and produces the force that has a component in line with the boat that drives it forward, with the keel stopping too much sideways movement.
Hull, mast, sail, lines, anchor, lights, keel, galley
When a sailing boat is sailing into the wind the shape of the sail acts like a plane's wing and differential pressure across the sail propels the boat forward.
When a sailing boat is sailing into the wind the shape of the sail acts like a plane's wing and differential pressure across the sail propels the boat forward.
The hull of a boat is the body of the boat. it is the part of the boat in the water. excluding the mast, boom, sail, rudder, keel, etc.
A boat can sail into the wind by sailing backwards and forwards (tacking) at an angle to the wind and so making her way up.
No. The fastest point of sailing is the broad reach whether it be starboard or port. Actually, it depends on the boat. Each boat has a polar diagram which indicates the fastest point of sail. Sailing dead down wind is very slow, since the wind has to push the boat through the water. "Beating into the wind" or sailing close to the wind usually isn't the fastest either. The physics of the sails and keel (or dagger board) cause the boat to squirt forward - much like a watermelon seed squirts through your fingers if you pinch it. Racers take advantage of the physics of the boat and know exactly the angle to the wind to sail fastest on starboard and port (as they may vary by a few degrees).
With a square rigged sail, the wind simply pushes the boat along. With a fore and aft rigged sail, the wind is caught at an angle and slices on past the sail, pushing the sail hard down wind and a bit forward. A deep keel on the bottom of the sail boat tries to stop the downwind drift and, as a result of a bit of a push forward on the sail, the sail boat manages to scoot across the wind a bit. Square rigged ship: http://sailing-ships.oktett.net/golden-state.jpg The wind just blows the boat down wind. Fore and aft rigged sailboat (a sloop) http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_98ZiJEAKrlI/Rql8iSS1u5I/AAAAAAAAFc4/hwyku_OY29E/s400/9%2Bsm%2Bsb%2Bpassing.jpg Note that the sail boat is tipped over a bit (heeling). This is due to the wind trying to push the sail boat down wind and the bottom of the sail boat (the keel) trying to stop the drift down wind. The wind is slicing off the sails and pushes the sail boat a head a bit.